Merge branch 'grandmas-kitchen' into dev

tests/modkit/cases/checkpoints.lua

@@ -139,10 +139,11 @@ local files = {
   ["mods/probe/manifest.json"] =
     '{"id":"probe","name":"probe","version":"1.0.0",'
       .. '"entry":"main.lua","api":2,"profile":"content"}',
+  -- mod.exports, not _G: a mod's globals are its own (src/mods/Sandbox.lua)
   ["mods/probe/main.lua"] = [[
 return function(mod)
-  _G.MOD_CHECKPOINTS = mod.checkpoints
-  _G.MOD_HOOKS = mod.hooks
+  mod.exports.checkpoints = mod.checkpoints
+  mod.exports.hooks = mod.hooks
 end
 ]],
 }
@@ -150,12 +151,12 @@ local game, ow = makeGame()
 local loader = Loader.new({ fs = memfs(files) })
 loader.game = game
 T.check(loader:load({}) == true, "checkpoint fixture mod loads")
-local checkpoints = _G.MOD_CHECKPOINTS
+local checkpoints = (loader.exports.probe or {}).checkpoints
+local modHooks = (loader.exports.probe or {}).hooks
 T.check(type(checkpoints) == "table",
   "Loader exposes mod.checkpoints through the public mod object")
 if type(checkpoints) ~= "table" then
   Runtime.events, Runtime.hooks = savedEvents, savedHooks
-  _G.MOD_CHECKPOINTS = nil
   T.finish()
 end
 
@@ -440,7 +441,7 @@ end
 -- at the restored safe decision reaches its semantic auxiliary action without
 -- selecting a native command.
 local auxiliaryCalls = 0
-_G.MOD_HOOKS:wrap("battle.menu_auxiliary", function(nextFn, liveGame, context)
+modHooks:wrap("battle.menu_auxiliary", function(nextFn, liveGame, context)
   auxiliaryCalls = auxiliaryCalls + 1
   T.check(liveGame == battleGame, "public battle auxiliary action receives the game")
   T.same(context, { kind = "wild" }, "public auxiliary context is data-only")
@@ -456,8 +457,6 @@ T.eq(boundary.menuIndex, originalMenuIndex, "public auxiliary hook preserves cur
 
 Runtime.events, Runtime.hooks = savedEvents, savedHooks
 Runtime.currentMod = nil
-_G.MOD_CHECKPOINTS = nil
-_G.MOD_HOOKS = nil
 love.math.getRandomState = oldGetRandomState
 love.math.setRandomState = oldSetRandomState
 

tests/modkit/cases/device_power_info.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-- A sandboxed mod may read battery state without receiving love.system and
+-- its process-launching surface.
+
+package.path = "./?.lua;./?/init.lua;" .. package.path
+
+local T = require("tests.modkit")
+
+local FIXTURE = {
+  ["mods/power_probe/manifest.json"] = [[{
+    "id": "power_probe",
+    "name": "Power Probe",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "entry": "main.lua",
+    "api": 2
+  }]],
+  ["mods/power_probe/main.lua"] = [[
+    local mod = ...
+    mod.exports.state, mod.exports.percent = mod.device:powerInfo()
+  ]],
+}
+
+local saved = T.love.system.getPowerInfo
+local calls = 0
+T.love.system.getPowerInfo = function()
+  calls = calls + 1
+  return "charging", 42, 900
+end
+
+local vanilla = T.sdk.loadNone({})
+T.eq(calls, 0, "no mod leaves the device power backend cold")
+vanilla.release()
+
+local run = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/power_probe" },
+  { fs = T.sdk.memfs(FIXTURE) })
+T.eq(#run.errors, 0,
+  "the sandboxed power probe loads clean (" .. tostring(run.errors[1]) .. ")")
+local out = run.loader.exports.power_probe or {}
+T.eq(out.state, "charging", "the public facade reports battery state")
+T.eq(out.percent, 42, "the public facade reports battery percentage")
+T.eq(calls, 1, "one facade read makes one platform call")
+run.release()
+
+T.love.system.getPowerInfo = nil
+local unavailable = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/power_probe" },
+  { fs = T.sdk.memfs(FIXTURE) })
+out = unavailable.loader.exports.power_probe or {}
+T.eq(out.state, "unknown", "a missing platform backend has a stable state")
+T.eq(out.percent, nil, "a missing platform backend has no invented percentage")
+unavailable.release()
+
+T.love.system.getPowerInfo = saved
+T.finish("device_power_info")

tests/modkit/cases/platform_lifecycle_hooks.lua

@@ -23,16 +23,16 @@ local FIXTURE = {
       extraPolls = extraPolls + 1
       if not paused then nextFn(game, dt) end
     end)
+    local vetoQuit = false
     mod.hooks:wrap("core.quit_to_launcher", function(nextFn)
-      if os.getenv("FIXTURE_VETO_QUIT") == "1" then return false end
+      if vetoQuit then return false end
       return nextFn()
     end)
-    -- test-only knobs, read back through mod.storage-free globals since
-    -- this fixture never leaves the process
-    _G.__fixturePlatformBridge = {
-      setPaused = function(v) paused = v end,
-      extraPolls = function() return extraPolls end,
-    }
+    -- test-only knobs on mod.exports: a sandboxed mod has no shared _G to
+    -- smuggle them through (src/mods/Sandbox.lua)
+    mod.exports.setPaused = function(v) paused = v end
+    mod.exports.extraPolls = function() return extraPolls end
+    mod.exports.setVetoQuit = function(v) vetoQuit = v end
   ]],
 }
 
@@ -43,23 +43,23 @@ do
   T.eq(#run.errors, 0,
     "the fixture mod loads clean (" .. tostring(run.errors[1]) .. ")")
 
+  local bridge = run.loader.exports.fix_platform_bridge
   local calls = 0
   local fakeGame = { update = function(self, dt) calls = calls + 1 end }
 
-  _G.__fixturePlatformBridge.setPaused(false)
+  bridge.setPaused(false)
   PlatformHooks.update(fakeGame, 1 / 60)
   T.eq(calls, 1, "unpaused: vanilla Game:update runs")
-  T.eq(_G.__fixturePlatformBridge.extraPolls(), 1,
+  T.eq(bridge.extraPolls(), 1,
     "the subscriber's wrapper runs every frame")
 
-  _G.__fixturePlatformBridge.setPaused(true)
+  bridge.setPaused(true)
   PlatformHooks.update(fakeGame, 1 / 60)
   T.eq(calls, 1, "paused: vanilla Game:update is skipped")
-  T.eq(_G.__fixturePlatformBridge.extraPolls(), 2,
+  T.eq(bridge.extraPolls(), 2,
     "the subscriber keeps polling every frame while paused")
 
   run.release()
-  _G.__fixturePlatformBridge = nil
 end
 
 -- core.quit_to_launcher: a subscriber can veto without the vanilla
@@ -70,11 +70,8 @@ do
   T.eq(#run.errors, 0,
     "the fixture mod loads clean (" .. tostring(run.errors[1]) .. ")")
 
-  local realGetenv = os.getenv
-  os.getenv = function(name)
-    if name == "FIXTURE_VETO_QUIT" then return "1" end
-    return realGetenv(name)
-  end
+  local bridge = run.loader.exports.fix_platform_bridge
+  bridge.setVetoQuit(true)
   local vanillaCalls = 0
   local vetoed = PlatformHooks.quitToLauncher(function()
     vanillaCalls = vanillaCalls + 1
@@ -82,7 +79,7 @@ do
   end)
   T.eq(vetoed, false, "a subscriber can veto the return-to-launcher decision")
   T.eq(vanillaCalls, 0, "a veto never evaluates the vanilla condition")
-  os.getenv = realGetenv
+  bridge.setVetoQuit(false)
 
   local passed = PlatformHooks.quitToLauncher(function() return true end)
   T.eq(passed, true, "with no veto, the vanilla decision passes through unchanged")

tests/modkit/cases/sandbox.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+-- T4: the mod sandbox (src/mods/Sandbox.lua).  A mod's own chunks run against
+-- an environment with no io, no os beyond the clock, and no way to name a path
+-- outside its own directory, so a mod cannot reach the player's filesystem.
+-- Every case here is an escape a mod would actually try.
+
+package.path = "./?.lua;./?/init.lua;" .. package.path
+
+local T = require("tests.modkit")
+local Manifest = require("src.mods.Manifest")
+local Sandbox = require("src.mods.Sandbox")
+local SafePath = require("src.mods.SafePath")
+
+local function manifest(id, extra)
+  return ('{"id":"%s","name":"%s","version":"1.0.0","entry":"main.lua",'
+    .. '"api":2%s}'):format(id, id, extra or "")
+end
+
+-- what a probe reports back; pcall'd so one broken assumption does not take
+-- the whole entry chunk down and hide the rest
+local PROBE = [[
+  local mod = ...
+  local out = mod.exports
+  out.io = io
+  out.package = package
+  out.dofile = dofile
+  out.loadfile = loadfile
+  out.setfenv = setfenv
+  out.getfenv = getfenv
+  out.debug = debug
+  out.osGetenv = os.getenv
+  out.osExecute = os.execute
+  out.osRemove = os.remove
+  out.osTime = type(os.time)
+  out.stringOk = ("a"):rep(3)
+
+  local function attempt(fn, ...)
+    local ok, err = pcall(fn, ...)
+    if ok then return false end
+    return tostring(err)
+  end
+  out.requireIo = attempt(require, "io")
+  out.requireOs = attempt(require, "os")
+  out.requireDebug = attempt(require, "debug")
+  out.requirePackage = attempt(require, "package")
+  out.requireFfi = attempt(require, "ffi")
+  out.requireLoveFs = attempt(require, "love.filesystem")
+  out.requireSocket = attempt(require, "socket")
+  -- called from a nested Lua frame rather than straight off pcall, which is
+  -- the shape a stack-walking gate reads differently
+  out.requireIoNested = attempt(function() return require("io") end)
+  out.requireSemver = select(2, pcall(require, "src.mods.Semver"))
+
+  out.loveFilesystem = attempt(function() return love.filesystem end)
+  out.loveThread = attempt(function() return love.thread end)
+  out.loveSystem = attempt(function() return love.system end)
+  out.loveGraphics = type(love.graphics)
+  out.loveAssign = attempt(function() love.filesystem = {} end)
+
+  -- the multi-file pattern mods/timekeepers_hut uses: a chunk loaded from the
+  -- mod's own source must inherit the sandbox, not the real globals
+  local child = load("return io, os.getenv, _G")
+  local childIo, childGetenv, childG = child()
+  out.childIo = childIo
+  out.childGetenv = childGetenv
+  out.childSharesEnv = childG == _G
+
+  out.readEscape = attempt(function() return mod:read("../../secret.txt") end)
+  out.readAbsolute = attempt(function() return mod:read("/etc/hosts") end)
+  out.readBackslash = attempt(function() return mod:read("..\\secret.txt") end)
+  out.assetsEscape = attempt(function() return mod.assets:path("../../x.png") end)
+  out.readOwn = mod:read("data/note.txt")
+
+  _G.SANDBOX_LEAK = "escaped"
+  out.globalsAreOwn = _G ~= nil and _G.SANDBOX_LEAK == "escaped"
+  -- a mod stomping the standard library must not reach the engine
+  table.insert = function() error("stomped") end
+  string.format = function() error("stomped") end
+]]
+
+local FILES = {
+  ["mods/fix_sandbox/manifest.json"] = manifest("fix_sandbox"),
+  ["mods/fix_sandbox/main.lua"] = PROBE,
+  ["mods/fix_sandbox/data/note.txt"] = "own file",
+}
+
+local run = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/fix_sandbox" }, { fs = T.sdk.memfs(FILES) })
+T.eq(#run.errors, 0,
+  "the probe mod loads clean (" .. tostring(run.errors[1]) .. ")")
+local out = run.loader.exports.fix_sandbox or {}
+
+-- ------- the standard library a mod does not get
+
+T.eq(out.io, nil, "io is absent from the mod environment")
+T.eq(out.package, nil, "package is absent, so package.loaded is unreachable")
+T.eq(out.dofile, nil, "dofile is absent")
+T.eq(out.loadfile, nil, "loadfile is absent")
+T.eq(out.setfenv, nil, "setfenv is absent, so a mod cannot swap its own env")
+T.eq(out.getfenv, nil, "getfenv is absent, so a mod cannot read the real _G out")
+T.eq(out.debug, nil, "the debug library is absent")
+T.eq(out.osGetenv, nil, "os.getenv is absent -- it is how the report's exploit "
+  .. "found the user's home directory")
+T.eq(out.osExecute, nil, "os.execute is absent")
+T.eq(out.osRemove, nil, "os.remove is absent")
+T.eq(out.osTime, "function", "os.time still works: the clock is not the hole")
+T.eq(out.stringOk, "aaa", "the safe standard library is intact")
+
+-- ------- require, the one call that would undo all of the above
+
+T.check(out.requireIo and out.requireIo:find("not available to mods", 1, true),
+  "require(\"io\") is refused: " .. tostring(out.requireIo))
+T.check(out.requireOs ~= false, "require(\"os\") is refused")
+T.check(out.requireDebug ~= false, "require(\"debug\") is refused")
+T.check(out.requirePackage ~= false, "require(\"package\") is refused")
+T.check(out.requireFfi ~= false, "require(\"ffi\") is refused: it is arbitrary C")
+T.check(out.requireLoveFs ~= false, "require(\"love.filesystem\") is refused")
+T.check(out.requireIoNested ~= false,
+  "require(\"io\") from a nested frame is refused the same way")
+T.check(out.requireSocket and out.requireSocket:find("network", 1, true),
+  "a network module names the permission it needs: " .. tostring(out.requireSocket))
+T.eq(type(out.requireSemver), "table",
+  "the supported engine requires still resolve")
+
+-- ------- the love facade
+
+T.check(out.loveFilesystem and out.loveFilesystem:find("mod.storage", 1, true),
+  "love.filesystem is refused and names the replacement")
+T.check(out.loveThread ~= false, "love.thread is refused: it opens a full Lua state")
+T.check(out.loveSystem and out.loveSystem:find("mod.device:powerInfo()", 1, true),
+  "love.system is refused and names the scoped power replacement")
+T.eq(out.loveGraphics, "table", "the rest of love passes through")
+T.check(out.loveAssign ~= false, "a mod cannot assign into the love facade")
+
+-- ------- env propagation and isolation
+
+T.eq(out.childIo, nil,
+  "a chunk a mod load()s inherits the sandbox (5.1 would hand it the real _G)")
+T.eq(out.childGetenv, nil, "the child chunk gets the same reduced os")
+T.check(out.childSharesEnv, "the child chunk shares the mod's own globals table")
+T.check(out.globalsAreOwn, "a mod's globals write to its own table")
+T.eq(_G.SANDBOX_LEAK, nil, "and never reach the engine's _G")
+T.eq(("%d"):format(1), "1",
+  "a mod stomping string.format cannot reach the engine's copy")
+do
+  local probe = {}
+  table.insert(probe, "still works")
+  T.eq(probe[1], "still works",
+    "nor table.insert -- each mod gets its own standard-library namespace")
+end
+
+-- ------- paths
+
+T.check(out.readEscape and out.readEscape:find("must stay inside", 1, true),
+  "mod:read cannot climb out of the mod directory: " .. tostring(out.readEscape))
+T.check(out.readAbsolute ~= false, "mod:read refuses an absolute path")
+T.check(out.readBackslash ~= false, "mod:read refuses a backslash climb")
+T.check(out.assetsEscape ~= false, "mod.assets:path refuses a climb")
+T.eq(out.readOwn, "own file", "and the mod's own files still read")
+run.release()
+
+-- ------- the grammar itself
+
+for _, bad in ipairs({ "../x", "a/../../x", "/etc/hosts", "C:/Windows/x",
+                       "..\\x", "a\\b", "..", ".", "" }) do
+  T.eq(SafePath.safe(bad), nil, ("SafePath rejects %q"):format(bad))
+end
+T.eq(SafePath.safe("maps/NEW_BARK_TOWN.lua"), "maps/NEW_BARK_TOWN.lua",
+  "an ordinary relative path passes")
+T.eq(SafePath.safe("./main.lua"), "main.lua",
+  "a leading ./ is normalized rather than rejected, so older manifests load")
+
+-- ------- manifest paths are untrusted input too
+
+T.check(not pcall(Manifest.validate,
+  { id = "evil", name = "evil", version = "1.0.0", entry = "../../../evil.lua" }),
+  "a manifest cannot point entry outside the mod directory")
+T.check(not pcall(Manifest.validate,
+  { id = "evil", name = "evil", version = "1.0.0", entry = "main.lua",
+    options_schema = "../../options.lua" }),
+  "nor options_schema")
+T.check(pcall(Manifest.validate,
+  { id = "fine", name = "fine", version = "1.0.0", entry = "main.lua" }),
+  "an ordinary manifest still validates")
+
+-- ------- bytecode
+
+do
+  local bad = {
+    ["mods/fix_bytecode/manifest.json"] = manifest("fix_bytecode"),
+    ["mods/fix_bytecode/main.lua"] = string.dump(function() end),
+  }
+  local bytecodeRun = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/fix_bytecode" },
+    { fs = T.sdk.memfs(bad) })
+  T.eq(#bytecodeRun.errors, 1, "a mod that ships bytecode fails to load")
+  T.check(tostring(bytecodeRun.errors[1]):find("bytecode", 1, true),
+    "and says why: " .. tostring(bytecodeRun.errors[1]))
+  bytecodeRun.release()
+end
+
+-- ------- the sandbox is not opt-in
+
+do
+  local env = Sandbox.envFor({ modId = "probe" })
+  T.eq(env.io, nil, "a bare Sandbox.envFor is already closed")
+  T.eq(env._G, env, "_G points at the sandbox, not the real globals")
+  T.check(not pcall(env.require, "io"), "and its require refuses io")
+end
+
+T.finish("sandbox")

tests/modkit/cases/steps_bridge.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+-- The "steps" permission gates the native step bridge (#1186): a
+-- permissioned mod syncs and polls deliveries without ever seeing
+-- love.system or the pending file; an unpermissioned mod gets a quiet
+-- available() = false and loud, permission-naming refusals from the
+-- calls that would act.
+
+package.path = "./?.lua;./?/init.lua;" .. package.path
+
+local T = require("tests.modkit")
+local Steps = require("src.mods.Steps")
+
+local WALKER = {
+  ["mods/step_walker/manifest.json"] = [[{
+    "id": "step_walker",
+    "name": "Step Walker",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "entry": "main.lua",
+    "api": 2,
+    "permissions": ["steps"]
+  }]],
+  ["mods/step_walker/main.lua"] = [[
+    local mod = ...
+    mod.exports.available = mod.steps:available()
+    mod.exports.synced = mod.steps:sync()
+    mod.exports.poll = function() return mod.steps:poll() end
+  ]],
+}
+
+local SECOND = {
+  ["mods/step_second/manifest.json"] = [[{
+    "id": "step_second",
+    "name": "Step Second",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "entry": "main.lua",
+    "api": 2,
+    "permissions": ["steps"]
+  }]],
+  ["mods/step_second/main.lua"] = [[
+    local mod = ...
+    mod.exports.poll = function() return mod.steps:poll() end
+  ]],
+}
+
+local UNPERMISSIONED = {
+  ["mods/step_probe/manifest.json"] = [[{
+    "id": "step_probe",
+    "name": "Step Probe",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "entry": "main.lua",
+    "api": 2
+  }]],
+  ["mods/step_probe/main.lua"] = [[
+    local mod = ...
+    mod.exports.available = mod.steps:available()
+    local ok, err = pcall(function() return mod.steps:sync() end)
+    mod.exports.refused = not ok and tostring(err) or false
+  ]],
+}
+
+local function merged(...)
+  local out = {}
+  for _, fixture in ipairs({ ... }) do
+    for path, body in pairs(fixture) do out[path] = body end
+  end
+  return out
+end
+
+local savedSync = T.love.system.syncHealthSteps
+local syncCalls = 0
+T.love.system.syncHealthSteps = function()
+  syncCalls = syncCalls + 1
+  return true
+end
+
+-- no mod: the bridge stays cold and a pending delivery stays on disk
+T.love.filesystem.write(Steps.PENDING, '{"steps": 4312}')
+local vanilla = T.sdk.loadNone({})
+T.eq(syncCalls, 0, "no mod leaves the step bridge cold")
+T.check(T.love.filesystem.read(Steps.PENDING) ~= nil,
+  "no mod leaves the pending delivery untouched")
+vanilla.release()
+
+-- a permissioned mod syncs and receives the delivery
+local run = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/step_walker", "mods/step_second" },
+  { fs = T.sdk.memfs(merged(WALKER, SECOND)) })
+T.eq(#run.errors, 0,
+  "the permissioned mods load clean (" .. tostring(run.errors[1]) .. ")")
+local walker = run.loader.exports.step_walker
+T.eq(walker.available, true, "available() sees the bridge")
+T.eq(walker.synced, true, "sync() reaches the bridge")
+T.eq(syncCalls, 1, "one sync call makes one bridge call")
+
+local delivery = walker.poll()
+T.check(delivery and delivery.steps == 4312,
+  "poll() hands the mod the delivered step count")
+T.check(T.love.filesystem.read(Steps.PENDING) == nil,
+  "the engine consumed the pending file, not the mod")
+T.eq(walker.poll(), nil, "a delivery is handed out once per mod")
+
+local second = run.loader.exports.step_second
+local secondDelivery = second.poll()
+T.check(secondDelivery and secondDelivery.steps == 4312,
+  "a second permissioned mod receives its own copy of the walk")
+T.check(secondDelivery ~= delivery, "copies, not a shared table")
+
+-- contract fields only, and a malformed delivery is dropped whole
+T.love.filesystem.write(Steps.PENDING,
+  '{"steps": 12, "from": "a", "to": "b", "path": "/etc/passwd"}')
+delivery = walker.poll()
+T.eq(delivery.steps, 12, "the steps field travels")
+T.eq(delivery.from, "a", "the from field travels")
+T.eq(delivery.path, nil, "fields outside the contract do not travel")
+T.love.filesystem.write(Steps.PENDING, "not json at all")
+T.eq(walker.poll(), nil, "a malformed delivery is dropped, not raised")
+T.check(T.love.filesystem.read(Steps.PENDING) == nil,
+  "and the bad file does not wedge the pump")
+run.release()
+
+-- without the permission: quiet probe, loud act
+local probe = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/step_probe" },
+  { fs = T.sdk.memfs(UNPERMISSIONED) })
+T.eq(#probe.errors, 0,
+  "the unpermissioned mod loads clean (" .. tostring(probe.errors[1]) .. ")")
+local out = probe.loader.exports.step_probe
+T.eq(out.available, false, "available() is quietly false without the permission")
+T.check(out.refused and out.refused:find('"steps" permission', 1, true),
+  "sync() without the permission names it")
+probe.release()
+
+-- no bridge on this build: sync reports it, nothing raises
+T.love.system.syncHealthSteps = nil
+local ashore = T.sdk.loadMods({ "mods/step_walker" },
+  { fs = T.sdk.memfs(WALKER) })
+local dry = ashore.loader.exports.step_walker
+T.eq(dry.available, false, "available() is false without a native bridge")
+T.eq(dry.synced, false, "sync() reports there was no bridge to ask")
+ashore.release()
+
+T.love.system.syncHealthSteps = savedSync
+T.love.filesystem.remove(Steps.PENDING)
+T.finish("steps_bridge")

tests/modkit/cases/storage.lua

@@ -66,12 +66,13 @@ end
 
 local files = {
   ["mods/alpha/manifest.json"] = manifest("alpha"),
+  -- mod.exports, not _G: a mod's globals are its own (src/mods/Sandbox.lua)
   ["mods/alpha/main.lua"] = [[
-return function(mod) _G.MOD_STORAGE_ALPHA = mod.storage end
+return function(mod) mod.exports.storage = mod.storage end
 ]],
   ["mods/beta/manifest.json"] = manifest("beta"),
   ["mods/beta/main.lua"] = [[
-return function(mod) _G.MOD_STORAGE_BETA = mod.storage end
+return function(mod) mod.exports.storage = mod.storage end
 ]],
 }
 local fs = memfs(files)
@@ -80,12 +81,12 @@ local current = game("red", "play-a")
 loader.game = current
 T.check(loader:load({}) == true, "storage fixture mods load")
 
-local alpha, beta = _G.MOD_STORAGE_ALPHA, _G.MOD_STORAGE_BETA
+local alpha = (loader.exports.alpha or {}).storage
+local beta = (loader.exports.beta or {}).storage
 T.check(type(alpha) == "table" and type(beta) == "table",
   "Loader exposes mod.storage through the public mod object")
 if type(alpha) ~= "table" or type(beta) ~= "table" then
   Runtime.events, Runtime.hooks = savedEvents, savedHooks
-  _G.MOD_STORAGE_ALPHA, _G.MOD_STORAGE_BETA = nil, nil
   T.finish()
 end
 
@@ -176,6 +177,5 @@ T.eq(next(emptyFiles), nil, "no-mod boot creates no storage paths or files")
 
 Runtime.events, Runtime.hooks = savedEvents, savedHooks
 Runtime.currentMod = nil
-_G.MOD_STORAGE_ALPHA, _G.MOD_STORAGE_BETA = nil, nil
 
 T.finish()

tests/modkit/cases/title_playthrough_context.lua

@@ -57,13 +57,16 @@ local files = {
   ["mods/probe/manifest.json"] =
     '{"id":"probe","name":"probe","version":"1.0.0",'
       .. '"entry":"main.lua","api":2,"profile":"content"}',
+  -- mod.exports, not _G: a mod's globals are its own (src/mods/Sandbox.lua)
   ["mods/probe/main.lua"] = [[
 return function(mod)
-  _G.MOD_TITLE_STORAGE = mod.storage
-  _G.MOD_TITLE_CHECKPOINTS = mod.checkpoints
+  local out = mod.exports
+  out.storage = mod.storage
+  out.checkpoints = mod.checkpoints
+  out.restoreCount = 0
   mod.events:on("checkpoint.restored", function(ev)
-    _G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_COUNT = (_G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_COUNT or 0) + 1
-    _G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_KIND = ev.kind
+    out.restoreCount = out.restoreCount + 1
+    out.restoreKind = ev.kind
   end)
 end
 ]],
@@ -82,7 +85,8 @@ local loader = Loader.new({ fs = fs })
 loader.game = active
 T.check(loader:load({}) == true, "title-context fixture mod loads")
 
-local storage = _G.MOD_TITLE_STORAGE
+local probe = loader.exports.probe or {}
+local storage = probe.storage
 T.check(type(storage) == "table", "loader exposes the public storage facade")
 if type(storage) == "table" then
   local written, writeCode, writeMessage = storage:write(active, "history/index", {
@@ -178,7 +182,7 @@ if type(storage) == "table" then
   end
 
   local runtime = makeRuntime(active.save, false)
-  local checkpoints = _G.MOD_TITLE_CHECKPOINTS
+  local checkpoints = probe.checkpoints
   T.check(type(checkpoints) == "table", "loader exposes the public checkpoint facade")
   local checkpoint = checkpoints and checkpoints:capture(runtime)
   T.check(type(checkpoint) == "table",
@@ -238,9 +242,9 @@ if type(storage) == "table" then
     end
     T.same(recaptured, checkpoint,
       "bootstrapped overworld differentially recaptures the selected checkpoint")
-    T.eq(_G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_COUNT, 1,
+    T.eq(probe.restoreCount, 1,
       "a successfully verified title resume emits checkpoint.restored exactly once")
-    T.eq(_G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_KIND, "overworld",
+    T.eq(probe.restoreKind, "overworld",
       "title resume lifecycle reports the reconstructed checkpoint kind")
 
     -- Force a failure after restoreCheckpointSave has already installed the
@@ -267,7 +271,7 @@ if type(storage) == "table" then
       version = "red", meta = { playthroughId = originalId },
     }, fs).savedAt, anchoredAt,
       "failed title reconstruction never rewrites the normal Pokémon save")
-    T.eq(_G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_COUNT, 1,
+    T.eq(probe.restoreCount, 1,
       "failed title reconstruction emits no additional restored lifecycle event")
   end
 
@@ -302,10 +306,6 @@ end
 
 Runtime.events, Runtime.hooks = savedEvents, savedHooks
 Runtime.currentMod = nil
-_G.MOD_TITLE_STORAGE = nil
-_G.MOD_TITLE_CHECKPOINTS = nil
-_G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_COUNT = nil
-_G.MOD_TITLE_RESTORE_KIND = nil
 SaveData.resetSlotState()
 SaveData.loadOptions = originalLoadOptions
 love.filesystem = realFs